Quantitative Nano‐amperometric Measurement of Intravesicular Glutamate Content and its Sub‐Quantal Release by Living Neurons

Glutamate (Glu) is a crucial fundamental excitatory neurotransmitter released through vesicular exocytosis in the central nervous system. Hence, quantitative measurements of intravesicular Glu and transient exocytotic release contents directly from individual living neurons are highly desired for understanding mechanisms (full or sub-quantal release?) synaptic transmission plasticity. However, this could not be achieved so far due to lack adequate experimental strategies relying on selective sensitive nanosensors. Herein, we introduce novel electrochemical nanobiosensor based single SiC nanowire prone selectively measure real-time fluxes via by large vesicles ( ca. 125 nm diameter) present hippocampal axonal varicosities as well their content before exocytosis. Combination these two series revealed mode neurons, viz., only one third half molecules during events. Importantly, fraction remained practically same when were pretreated with L-Glu-precursor L-glutamine, while it significantly increased after zinc treatment, although both cases drastically affected. By affording inside its fractions work opening new possibilities investigating situ time regulatory glutamatergic neurotransmission